- 01Origin of sense and sensible qualities
- 02Scholastic doctrine of species
Leviathan
by Thomas Hobbes · 1651 · 27 chapters · 24/7 tutor
Social contract, sovereignty, and political order.
This course was produced by Cavua from a public-domain text.
Skills this course leaves you with.
- Explain Hobbes’s account of sense, imagination, and reasoning as foundations for knowledge
- Analyze the role of speech, names, and language in shaping understanding and error
- Describe the passions, voluntary motion, and their influence on human action
- Evaluate Hobbes’s concepts of power, dignity, honour, and worth
- Interpret the relationship between prudence, science, belief, and judgment in Leviathan
- Assess how Hobbes connects human manners and desires to civil obedience and conflict
The full table of contents.
Every chapter, every lesson, every topic — laid out before you enroll. Click any chapter to expand it.
- Chapters
- 27
- Lessons
- 154
- Topics
- 563
- 01Decaying Sense and Imagination
- 02Memory as Obscured Sense
- 01Imagination, memory, and compound fancies
- 02Dreams as imaginations during sleep
- 01Dreams as bodily distempers
- 02Apparitions, visions, and superstition
- 01Understanding
- 01Unguided train of thoughts
- 01Trayne of regulated thoughts
- 02Remembrance
- 03Prudence and foresight
- 01Prudence and signs
- 02Conjecture of the time past
- 03Speech, thought, and finite imagination
- 01Limits of conceiving God and bodies
- 01Invention of letters and speech
- 02Babel and the diversity of tongues
- 03General use of speech
- 01Special Uses of Speech and Their Abuses
- 02Proper, Common, and Universal Names
- 01Words as registers of universal reasoning
- 02Numbering and arithmetic without speech
- 03Truth and falsehood in affirmations
- 01Definitions as the basis of knowledge
- 02Subject to Names and the four kinds of naming
- 01Positive names for bodies, properties, fancies, and speech
- 02Negative names and their use in reckoning
- 03Insignificant words from undefined or contradictory names
- 01Understanding as conception caused by speech
- 02Inconstant names in discourse
- 01Reason as addition and subtraction
- 02Reason defined as reckoning
- 03Right reason and error in judgment
- 01Right reason as judge in disputes
- 02The use and end of reason
- 03Error and absurdity in reasoning
- 01Causes of absurdity
- 01Science as knowledge of consequences
- 02Reason, speech, and the limits of common life
- 03False rules and the danger of misreasoning
- 04Perspicuous words and exact definitions
- 05Prudence and sapience
- 01Prudence and sapience compared
- 02Signs of science and prudence
- 01Vital and animal motion
- 02Endeavour, appetite, desire, and aversion
- 01Appetites, aversions, and contempt
- 02Good, evil, and their Latin distinctions
- 01Delight and displeasure as appearances of good and evil
- 02Pleasures of sense and pleasures of the mind
- 03Names of the simple passions
- 01Passions named by desire and aversion
- 01Admiration and glorying
- 02Sudden glory and laughter
- 03Sudden dejection and weeping
- 04Shame, impudence, and pity
- 01Cruelty, emulation, and envy
- 02Deliberation
- 03The will as the last appetite
- 01Forms of speech expressing passions
- 02Apparent good and apparent evil
- 03Felicity as continual success
- 01Praise, magnification, and felicity
- 01Judgement, doubt, and conditional knowledge
- 01Conscience as witness and opinion
- 02Belief and faith in a person
- 03Faith in Scripture, prophets, and historians
- 01Intellectual virtue defined
- 02Natural wit, fancy, judgment, and discretion
- 01Fancy, judgement, and discretion in discourse
- 01Prudence and practical judgment
- 02Craft and shifting deceit
- 03Acquired wit, reason, and the passions
- 04Desire, wit, and indifference
- 01Craft and acquired wit
- 02Giddinesse and madnesse
- 03Rage and fury
- 04Melancholy and causelesse fears
- 01Passion, wine, and the causes of madness
- 02Jewish and Gentile beliefs about possession
- 03Scripture, natural causes, and Christ's healings
- 01Insignificant Speech as absurdity
- 01Knowledge of fact and science
- 02History and philosophy as registers of knowledge
- 03Natural philosophy and its branches
- 01Consequences from the Accidents of Politique Bodies
- 01Forms of power: natural and instrumental
- 02Sources of power in society
- 01Worth as price of power
- 02Dignity as public worth
- 03Honouring and dishonouring
- 01Natural signs of honour and dishonour
- 02Civil honours and sovereign titles
- 03Honour as a sign of power
- 01Signs of honour and dishonour
- 01Hereditary scutchions and coats of arms
- 02Titles of Honour
- 01Titles of Honour and Barons
- 02Worthinesse as Fitness or Aptitude
- 01Meaning of manners as civil qualities
- 02Restless desire of power
- 03Competition, contention, and war
- 01Civil obedience from ease, fear, and arts of peace
- 02Love of virtue from praise and fame
- 03Hatred from unrepaid benefits
- 01Conscience of deserving hatred
- 02Promptness to hurt from fear
- 03Distrust of their own wit
- 04Vain undertaking from vain-glory
- 05Ambition from opinion of sufficiency
- 06Irresolution from valuing small matters
- 01Confidence in others from ignorance of wisdom, kindness, and military reputation
- 02Reliance on others from ignorance of natural causes and words
- 03Adherence to custom from ignorance of right and wrong
- 01Adherence to private men from ignorance of causes of peace
- 02Credulity from ignorance of nature
- 03Curiosity and natural religion from care of future time
- 01Fear of Invisible Things as the Seed of Religion
- 02Lawmakers and the Shaping of Religion
- 01Religion in man alone
- 02Desire to know causes
- 03Beginning, sequence, and anxiety of the future
- 01Fear of invisible powers
- 02Invisible agents as incorporeal spirits
- 03Unknown causes and imagined effects
- 01Honouring invisible powers like men
- 02Natural seeds of religion
- 03Religion shaped by human and divine culture
- 01Gentile deification of natural things and human qualities
- 02Gentile divination and omens
- 03Political design of religion by lawgivers
- 01Gentile religion as civil policy
- 02The true religion and God's kingdom
- 03The causes of change in religion
- 01Impossibilities and contradictions in religion
- 02Scandalous conduct and private ends
- 03Miracles as proof of divine calling
- 01Failure of miracles and justice weakens faith
- 02Priestly corruption and religious change
- 01Equality of body and mind
- 02Equality of hope and diffidence
- 01Three causes of quarrel
- 02Warre without a common power
- 03Incommodities of such a warre
- 01The misery of life without civil society
- 02Evidence from fear and armed behavior
- 03War, law, and injustice
- 01Passions that incline men to peace
- 01Right of nature and liberty
- 02Law of nature and universal right
- 01The fundamental law of nature
- 02The second law of nature and laying down rights
- 03Renouncing or transferring rights, obligation, and injustice
- 01Renouncing or transferring right
- 02Alienable rights and self-preservation
- 03Contract, pact, and covenant
- 01Free-gift and signs of contract
- 01Promise as equivalent to covenant
- 02Merit in contracts and free gifts
- 03Mutual trust covenants and civil enforcement
- 01Covenants invalidated by later fear
- 02Right to the end includes the means
- 03Covenants with beasts and with God
- 04Possible and future matter of covenant
- 05How covenants are made void
- 01Covenants extorted by fear
- 02Prior covenant voids later promise
- 03No covenant not to defend oneself
- 04No obligation to accuse oneself
- 01The end and form of an oath
- 02No oath but by God
- 03An oath adds nothing to the obligation
- 01The Third Law of Nature: keeping covenants
- 02Justice, injustice, and property under commonwealth
- 03Justice not contrary to reason
- 01Justice, injustice, and covenant-breaking
- 01Keeping covenant as a law of nature
- 02Covenants not discharged by the vice of the person to whom made
- 03Justice of men and justice of actions
- 01Justice of manners and justice of actions
- 02Nothing done by consent can be injury
- 03Commutative justice and distributive justice
- 01The Fourth Law of Nature, Gratitude
- 02Mutuall accommodation, or Compleasance
- 03Facility To Pardon
- 04In Revenges, Men Respect Onely The Future Good
- 01Pardon and revenge for future good
- 02Against Contumely
- 03Against Pride
- 04Against Arrogance
- 01Equity and distributive justice
- 02Equal use of things common
- 03Lot, primogeniture, and first seizing
- 04Safe conduct for mediators
- 05Submission to arbitrement
- 01Arbitration, impartial judges, and witnesses
- 02Rule for examining the laws of nature
- 01Law of nature in foro interno and externo
- 02Eternal and easy laws of nature
- 03Natural law as true moral philosophy
- 01Theorems of reason as laws of nature
- 01Natural and artificial persons
- 02The meaning of person and personation
- 03Actor, author, and authority
- 04Covenants made by authority bind the author
- 01Covenants made by actors and representatives
- 02Authority must be shown
- 03Inanimate things and irrational persons as represented
- 01False gods and the true God as personated
- 02A multitude made one person by representation
- 03Authority of each member and plurality of voices
- 01Representatives with even numbers and negative voice
- 02Conditional authors and sureties
- 01Part II: Of Common-wealth
- 01Particular security as the end of commonwealth
- 02Why natural law cannot secure peace
- 03Why small families or few men cannot ensure safety
- 01Need for a common power to direct a multitude
- 02Why bees and ants live in society without coercion
- 01Why irrational creatures live in society without coercive power
- 02The generation of a common-wealth
- 03The definition of a common-wealth
- 01Sovereign and subject
- 02Commonwealth by institution and acquisition
- 01The act of instituting a commonwealth
- 02Subjects cannot change the form of government
- 01Sovereign power cannot be forfeited
- 02No man can protest against the major part's institution
- 01The sovereign's actions cannot be accused by subjects
- 02The sovereign's power to punish and judge for peace
- 01Judging doctrines for peace
- 02Rules of propriety and civil law
- 03Judicature and decision of controversies
- 04Making war and peace
- 05Choosing counsellors and ministers
- 01Rewarding and punishing subjects
- 02Titles of honour and order
- 03Indivisibility of sovereign rights
- 01Inseparable rights and void grants
- 02Sovereign power and honour above subjects
- 03Subjects' misery compared with civil war
- 01Subjects' self-love and resistance to taxation
- 01Three kinds of commonwealth
- 02Tyranny, oligarchy, and anarchy as misnamed governments
- 03Danger of subordinate representatives
- 01Comparison of monarchy with sovereign assemblies
- 02Elective and limited kings as ministers of sovereignty
- 01Right of Succession as artificial eternity
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01How many chapters are in the Leviathan course?
The Leviathan course has 27 chapters, each with its own lessons and topics.
02How many lessons are in the Leviathan course?
There are 154 lessons across the course, and you can ask your 24/7 tutor about any of them.
03Can I see what the Leviathan course covers before I start?
Yes. The full curriculum is listed on this page, beginning with "OF SENSE".
04Do I get a certificate for the Leviathan course?
Yes. Finishing the course earns a personal Cavua certificate of completion.
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