- 01Muhammed's life and the Koran's historical setting
- 02Muhammed, originality, and moral teaching
- 03The Koran's literary style and Semitic repetition
- 01English translations of the Qur'an
The Qur'an
Foundational Islamic scripture and civilization.
97Chapters
257Lessons
761Topics
Certificate of completion included
This course was produced by Cavua from a public-domain text.
Skills this course leaves you with.
- Identify the structure and major suras of the Qur'an
- Explain the historical and religious context of the Qur'an in Islamic tradition
- Summarize the translator's introduction, preface, and editorial principles
- Interpret selected suras and their themes using the provided translation
- Recognize major themes such as revelation, monotheism, judgment, and prophecy
Curriculum
The full table of contents.
Every chapter, every lesson, every topic — laid out before you enroll. Click any chapter to expand it.
- Chapters
- 97
- Lessons
- 257
- Topics
- 761
- 01Arrangement of the Suras in this translation
- 02Muhammad's life and the chronology of the Suras
- 03Early biographical sources for Muhammad
- 04Meccan sources and religious influences on the Koran
- 01Books of Abraham and legends of Ad and Themoud
- 02Gnostic influence and the Crucifixion
- 03Ebionite, Essene, and Sabeite parallels
- 04Limited access to Christian Scriptures
- 01Scriptural phraseology in the Qur'an
- 02Absence of pre-Muhammad Arabic Bible versions
- 03Jewish and Christian sources of Muhammad's information
- 01Muhammad's use of Jewish and other sources
- 02Sincerity, imposture, and self-deception
- 01Muhammad as a great but imperfect reformer
- 02The Koran's theological and moral merits
- 03Islam's expansion and empire-building
- 01Assessment of the Koran and Muhammad
- 02Translation sources and editorial method
- 03Rendering names and recurring terms
- 01Specimen translation of the Fatthah
- 01Revelation of the first verses
- 02Meaning of 'Thick Blood' and the closing warning
- 03Commentary on the opening formula and recitation
- 01The Fatrah and Muhammad’s prophetic uncertainty
- 02Call to arise and warn
- 03The condemned unbeliever and Hell-fire
- 04Nineteen angels and the warning to mankind
- 05Human response to the Warning
- 06Traditions about the mantle vision
- 01Night prayer and recitation
- 02Warning to the gainsayers
- 03Mercy in easing the night vigil
- 01Divine reassurance and future blessing
- 02Orphan, guidance, and charity
- 01Divine consolation and relief
- 02Refuge in the Lord of daybreak
- 01Protection from night, sorceresses, and envy
- 02Refuge in the Lord of men
- 03Praise, worship, and the straight path
- 01Textual history and devotional use
- 02Arabic transliteration and English rendering
- 03Six-verse denunciation of unbelievers
- 01The Unity
- 02Abu Lahab
- 03The Abundance
- 01The Backbiter
- 02Religion
- 03Desire
- 01Condemnation of greed and warning of judgment
- 02The Night: contrasting paths of generosity and covetousness
- 01The Prophet’s vindication and the owners of the garden
- 02Judgment, unbelief, and patient waiting
- 01Divine witness by the soil and human creation in trouble
- 01Moral choice and the steep path
- 02Sura CV.-The Elephant
- 01Appeal to the Koreisch and their privileges
- 02The Night of Power
- 01The Night-Comer and human creation
- 02The Koran as a discriminating discourse
- 03The Sun, Moon, and Day oaths
- 01Divine oaths and the purification of the soul
- 02The rebuke to the blind seeker and the honored revelation
- 03Human creation, provision, resurrection, and the final judgment
- 01Praise of the Most High and creation
- 02Revelation, warning, and the fate of believers and unbelievers
- 03Preference for this life over the hereafter
- 04Scriptural confirmation in the Books of Abraham and Moses
- 01Sura XCV: The Fig
- 02Sura CIII: The Afternoon
- 03Sura LXXXV: The Starry
- 01The Blow and the weighing of deeds
- 02The Earthquake and atom-weight recompense
- 03The Cleaving of the heaven
- 01Signs of the Day of Doom and human accountability
- 02Cosmic upheaval and the unrolled Book
- 03The warning of the illustrious Messenger
- 01The heavens and earth split asunder
- 02The book of deeds and final reckoning
- 03Signs of the moon and unbelief
- 01The Chargers
- 02Those Who Drag Forth
- 01The Day of Severing and the fate of deniers
- 02Signs of divine power in creation
- 03Hell for the unbelievers and reward for the god-fearing
- 01The great news and signs of creation
- 02The Day of Severance and the fate of transgressors
- 03Reward of the God-fearing and the final warning
- 04The Overshadowing: punishment and reward
- 01Divine oaths and the fate of former peoples
- 02Human ingratitude and neglect of the vulnerable
- 03The Day of Judgment and the tranquil soul
- 01The Resurrection and self-accusing soul
- 02Signs of the Last Day and human accountability
- 03Revelation, recitation, and the life to come
- 01Death, judgment, and resurrection signs
- 02Those who stint the measure
- 03The records of the wicked and the righteous
- 04The righteous in delight and the mockery of believers
- 01The Day of the Inevitable and the destruction of former peoples
- 02The trumpet blast, judgment, and the two destinies
- 03The Qur'an as a divine warning, not poetry or soothsaying
- 01Signs of judgment and the righteous
- 02Abraham and the visiting messengers
- 03Punishment of earlier peoples and the call to flee to God
- 01Divine warning and purpose of creation
- 02Oath by the mountain and sacred signs
- 03The coming chastisement and the blessed in gardens
- 04Rebuttal of accusations against the prophet
- 01Rhetorical challenges to unbelief
- 02The sudden coming of the inevitable day
- 01The three bands and their destinies
- 02Proofs of resurrection and divine power
- 01The Qur'an as a preserved revelation
- 02Deathbed judgment and the three destinies
- 01Muhammad's vision and the Sidrah-tree
- 02Idol worship, intercession, and moral accountability
- 03God's power, past destructions, and the call to prostrate
- 01The Day of Judgment and the Ascents
- 02The prayerful and their reward
- 03Threat to the unbelievers
- 01God's signs in creation and the balance
- 02Judgment, Hell, and the two gardens
- 03The second pair of gardens and the closing doxology
- 01The Hour and the Moon Cleft
- 02Noah, the Adites, and the Koran as a Warning
- 03Themoud, Lot, and Pharaoh
- 01Angels in ordered ranks and the one God
- 02Stars guarding the lower heaven
- 03The Meccans' denial of resurrection
- 01The day of reckoning and judgment
- 02Punishment of the wicked and denial of resurrection
- 03The gardens of delight for sincere servants
- 01The blessed and the tree Ez-zakkoum
- 02Noah saved from the flood
- 03Abraham's challenge to idolatry
- 04The sacrifice of Abraham's son
- 01Moses and Aaron rescued and honored
- 02Elias, Lot, and Jonas
- 01Meccan claims about God’s daughters and the angels
- 02Djinn denial and the angels’ orderly worship
- 03The apostles’ promised succour and victory
- 01Noah's warning and plea for forgiveness
- 02God's signs in creation and Noah's complaint
- 03The plot of the idolaters and their destruction
- 01Man's creation, guidance, and recompense
- 02The righteous, their charity, and Paradise
- 01The Smoke and the Day of Severing
- 02Pharaoh, Israel, and the warning to unbelievers
- 03The tree of Ez-Zakkoum and the fate of the pious
- 01Signs of creation and resurrection
- 02Earlier nations destroyed for rejecting prophets
- 03Human accountability and the Day of Judgment
- 04Hell, Paradise, and the final warning
- 05Patience, worship, and the coming resurrection
- 01The history of Moses
- 01Moses and Aaron confront Pharaoh
- 02The contest with the magicians
- 03The magicians’ faith and Pharaoh’s threat
- 04The sea crossing and Israel’s deliverance
- 05Moses returns to the people
- 01The calf made from the trinkets
- 02Aaron's warning and Samiri's punishment
- 03Admonition and the Day of Resurrection
- 01Adam’s covenant, fall, and divine guidance
- 02Warnings against worldly distraction and prayer
- 03Demand for a sign and final challenge
- 01The lucid Book and Muhammad's grief over unbelief
- 01Moses sent to Pharaoh
- 02The staff and the white hand
- 03The magicians and their conversion
- 04The exodus from Egypt
- 01Abraham's challenge to idol worship
- 02Abraham's prayer and the day of reckoning
- 01Noah's warning and the ark
- 02The Adites and Houd's rebuke
- 01The Adites and their destruction
- 02Saleh and the Themoudites
- 01Lot warns his people
- 02Shoaib and the dwellers in Madian
- 01The Qur'an in clear Arabic and the warning to kin
- 02The poets and the erring who follow them
- 01Pharaoh's claim to divinity
- 01Opening declaration of the Book and warning to the infidels
- 01Creation, provision, and divine measure
- 02Creation of man and the djinn
- 03Iblis's refusal and the promise of Hell
- 01God's mercy and chastisement
- 02Abraham's guests and the promise of a son
- 03Lot's family and the destruction of Sodom
- 01Judgment on El Aika and Hedjr
- 02Creation for a worthy end and the coming Hour
- 03Consolation, warning, and steadfast worship
- 01Zachariah's prayer for an heir
- 02Announcement of John and his signs
- 03Mary's seclusion and the annunciation
- 01Mary and the birth of Jesus
- 02Jesus speaks from the cradle
- 03Jesus as servant and prophet
- 04God's oneness and the dispute over Jesus
- 05Abraham's rebuke of idolatry
- 01Abraham, Moses, Ismael, and Edris
- 02The promised Garden of Eden
- 03God's sovereignty and the resurrection
- 04The gathering of believers and sinners
- 01God of Mercy has no offspring
- 02Mary, Jesus, and the birth narrative
- 03Prophets, revelation, and judgment
- 01David's strength, penitence, and kingdom
- 02The story of the two pleaders
- 01David’s judgment and repentance
- 02Solomon’s trial and granted dominion
- 03Job’s affliction and cry to God
- 01Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and the righteous
- 01Creation of man and the angels' prostration
- 02Eblis's pride, banishment, and request for respite
- 03Eblis's vow to seduce mankind and the warning to all creatures
- 01Warning to a heedless people
- 02The people of the city and the man who believed
- 01Signs in creation: earth, night, sun, moon, and the ark
- 02The single blast and final judgment
- 01The trumpet and the resurrection
- 02Paradise and the separation of sinners
- 03Signs, warnings, and human ingratitude
- 01God's power to revive the dead
- 02Creation as proof of resurrection
- 03The divine command 'Be, and it is'
- 01The Luminous Book and the Arabic Koran
- 02God the Creator and human ingratitude
- 03Rejection of daughters for God
- 01Abraham's rejection of idolatry
- 02Worldly wealth and the warning against Satan
- 01Moses sent to Pharaoh and his nobles
- 02Pharaoh's boast and the drowning of his people
- 03Jesus as a sign and servant of God
- 01Jesus’ message and the coming Hour
- 02Paradise, Hell, and divine judgment
- 03God’s sovereignty and the Hour’s knowledge
- 01Final warning to the unbelievers
- 01Djinn hear the Koran and believe
- 02Djinn describe their varied kinds and fate
- 03Warning to the Meccans and exclusive worship of God
- 01God's sovereignty and the Day of Judgment
- 02Warnings to the unbelievers and signs in creation
- 01Marks of the believers and their reward
- 02Creation of man and signs in nature
- 01Noah and the Ark
- 02A Later Rejected Apostle
- 01Moses and Aaron before Pharaoh
- 01Signs of God's power and human ingratitude
- 02Arguments for resurrection and God's sole sovereignty
- 03Denial of divine offspring and associated gods
- 01Resurrection, weighing of deeds, and final judgment
- 01The people's reckoning and the mockery of revelation
- 02Prophets as mortal messengers and the fate of destroyed cities
- 03Creation, divine truth, and the oneness of God
- 01Signs in creation and human mortality
- 02Mockery of the warning and the coming judgment
- 03Moses and Aaron, the illumination, and the blessed warning
- 01Abraham's challenge to idol worship
- 02Abraham's rescue and the prophets after him
- 01David and Solomon's gifts and powers
- 02Job, Ismael, Edris, Dhoulkefl, Dhoulnoun, and Zacharias
- 03Mary and her son as a sign
- 04One religion, judgment, and Gog and Magog
- 01The righteous spared from the terror
- 02The heaven rolled up and creation renewed
- 03The Koran as mercy and warning
- 01Divine sovereignty and the charge of fraud
- 02Denial of the Prophet’s humanity and the promise of Paradise
- 01The gathering, judgment, and fate of the guilty
- 02Earlier nations destroyed for rejecting the messengers
- 03Signs of divine power in creation and the command to strive
- 01Signs in the heavens and the alternation of night and day
- 02The servants of the God of Mercy
- 03Promise of Paradise and warning to the rejecters
- 01The Night Journey and the Book of Moses
- 02Israel's two crimes and punishment
- 03The Qur'an's guidance and human accountability
- 01Divine destruction and worldly versus eternal reward
- 02Core moral injunctions: worship, parents, charity, and restraint
- 03Prohibitions against violence, immorality, and breach of trust
- 01Moral conduct and just measure
- 02God's oneness and the unbelievers' rejection
- 03Resurrection, speech, and the prophets
- 01False gods, prophets, and Satan's rebellion
- 02God's power over the sea and human ingratitude
- 03Honouring the children of Adam and the book of deeds
- 01Prayer at sunset and night vigil
- 02The Spirit and the revelation of the Koran
- 03Signs demanded by unbelievers
- 01Signs demanded of the apostle
- 02Moses and Pharaoh
- 03The Koran sent down piecemeal
- 04Praise and invocation of God
- 01The signs of the Koran and the lucid Book
- 02Guidance for believers and the unbelievers' delusion
- 01Moses and the burning bush
- 02David, Solomon, and the valley of ants
- 03The Queen of Saba and Solomon's letter
- 04Solomon's throne and the queen's submission
- 01Saleh and the destruction of Themoud
- 02Lot and the punishment of his people
- 03Signs of God in creation and providence
- 01God alone knows the unseen
- 02Signs of the doom and the trumpet blast
- 03Reward, punishment, and final exhortation
- 01The Inmates of the Cave and Al Rakim
- 02The youths' refuge and long sleep
- 03Awakening, concealment, and the cave's discovery
- 04Lessons on divine will and the Hour
- 05Warnings, patience, and the two destinies
- 01The two gardens and the proud owner
- 02The companion's warning and the garden's ruin
- 03The fleeting life of wealth and the Day of Judgment
- 01Eblis, false patrons, and the Day of Judgment
- 02Warnings to the unbelievers and the veiling of hearts
- 03Moses and the servant at the meeting of the seas
- 01The meaning of Moses and the mysterious guide
- 02Dhoulkarnain's journeys and the barrier against Gog and Magog
- 03Judgment on unbelievers and reward for the faithful
- 01God's inexhaustible words and sincere worship
- 01God’s creation, sovereignty, and human origin
- 02Resurrection, judgment, and the fate of believers and sinners
- 03Moses, Israel, and signs in history and nature
- 01The Day of Decision and the unbelievers' warning
- 02Creation of the heavens and earth in six days
- 03The fate of Ad and Themoud
- 04Witness of the senses and the Fire
- 05The believers' welcome and patient conduct
- 06Signs in nature, revelation, and the Hour
- 01SURA XLV.-THE KNEELING [LXXII.]
- 01The doom of God cometh to pass
- 01God's gifts, human dependence, and false idols
- 01And God enjoineth justice and the doing of good
- 01SAY: The Holy Spirit hath brought it down with truth from thy Lord
- 01Preaching with wisdom and kindly warning
- 02Patient endurance and restraint in reprisals
- 01Greek defeat and coming victory
- 01God's promise, resurrection, and the fate of unbelievers
- 02Signs in creation and daily life
- 03The true faith, prayer, charity, and rejection of usury
- 01Call to travel and heed past nations
- 02Signs of God in wind, rain, and revival of the earth
- 03Human weakness, the Hour, and denial of the Qur'an
- 01The book's verses established in wisdom
- 02Warnings, mercy, and the clear Book
- 01Noah's warning and the people's rejection
- 01Noah and the Ark
- 02Noah's plea for his son
- 03Secret history and the mission to Ad
- 01Houd’s warning to Ad and their destruction
- 02Saleh’s call to Themoud and the she-camel sign
- 03Saleh’s rescue and Themoud’s punishment
- 04Abraham’s welcome of the messengers
- 01Abraham's intercession for Lot
- 02Lot and the destruction of the cities
- 03Shoaib's warning to Madian
- 01Shoaib’s warning to Madian
- 02Moses sent to Pharaoh
- 03The Day of Resurrection and final recompense
- 04Moses, the Book, and steadfast obedience
- 05Purpose of the histories and closing exhortation
- 01Purpose of the revelation and Moses' deliverance
- 02Earlier peoples, rejection of prophets, and divine judgment
- 03Believers, unbelievers, and the tree parables
- 04God's favors and Abraham's prayer
- 05The warning to the wicked and ruined nations
- 01Joseph's dream and Jacob's warning
- 01Joseph cast into the well and sold in Egypt
- 02Joseph in Potiphar's house and the false accusation
- 03Joseph in prison and the king's dream
- 01Joseph interprets the king's dream
- 02Joseph clears his name before the king
- 03Joseph made keeper of the granaries
- 04Joseph's brothers come for grain
- 01Jacob's caution and Benjamin's pledge
- 02Joseph's reunion with Benjamin and the cup stratagem
- 03Judgment over the stolen cup
- 01Jacob's grief and counsel to seek Joseph
- 02Joseph reveals himself to his brothers
- 03Jacob's sight restored and forgiveness sought
- 01Joseph reunites with his parents in Egypt
- 02Joseph's prayer and the lesson of the story
- 03God's signs, warning, and the prophets' history
- 01God's revelation and the heavenly intercession
- 02Moses, Pharaoh, and the believer from Pharaoh's house
- 03Warnings, signs, and God's sovereignty
- 01Moses and Pharaoh in Egypt
- 02Moses in Midian and the burning bush
- 03Confrontation with Pharaoh and the sea
- 01Warnings to an Unwarned People
- 02Believers from the Earlier Scriptures
- 03Moral Lessons from Destroyed Cities
- 04The Day of Judgment and False Companions
- 05God's Sovereignty over Night, Day, and Return
- 06Korah's Pride and Downfall
- 01Korah's pomp and the lesson of worldly fortune
- 02God's reward for the righteous and the fate of Korah
- 03The Prophet's guidance and exclusive devotion to God
- 01The Book sent down from God
- 02Sincere worship and God's oneness
- 03Warnings to unbelievers and good tidings to the faithful
- 01God's guidance and the best of recitals
- 01God sufficeth me and divine mercy
- 01Warning to worship God alone
- 02The resurrection, trumpet blasts, and judgment
- 03Troops driven to Hell and Paradise
- 01Faith tested by trial
- 02God's knowledge of the sincere and liars
- 03Wrongdoers cannot escape judgment
- 01Abraham's call to worship God
- 02Lot, Sodom, and the destruction of corrupt peoples
- 01The spider's frail house
- 02Recitation, prayer, and disputation with the People of the Book
- 03The Qur'an as a clear sign and warning
- 04The coming punishment of the infidels
- 01Faith, death, and the reward of righteousness
- 02God's provision and signs in creation
- 03The fleeting world, idolatry, and divine guidance
- 01Opening exhortation to the righteous and warning against idle tales
- 02Lokman’s wisdom and counsel to his son
- 03Signs of God, human ingratitude, and the final reckoning
- 01Opening invocation and divine sovereignty
- 01The faith commanded to Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus
- 02Call to unity and just judgment
- 03Disputes over God and the Hour
- 04Harvest of this life and the life to come
- 05False religious sanction and final recompense
- 01Believers' conduct and mutual counsel
- 02Redressing wrongs with measured retaliation and forgiveness
- 01Warning to the unjust and the Day of Resurrection
- 02God's sovereignty and modes of revelation
- 01God’s sovereignty, creation, and signs in nature
- 02Warnings to unbelievers and the Prophet’s message
- 03Resurrection, judgment, and the final warning
- 01Noah's warning to his people
- 02Noah's rescue in the ark
- 03Moses before Pharaoh and the magicians
- 01Moses and Pharaoh: trust, prayer, and the sea crossing
- 02Israel after deliverance and the warning to Muhammad
- 03The people of Jonas and voluntary belief
- 01Call to true religion and steadfast faith
- 01Praise to God and the Hour of Judgment
- 02Signs in creation and the stories of David and Solomon
- 01Solomon’s works and death
- 02The people of Saba and the flood of Irem
- 03God’s sole power and final judgment
- 01The threatened day and the weak and mighty
- 02Wealth, children, and divine provision
- 03Judgment of the worshippers of the Djinn
- 04Rejection of the Qur'an and former nations
- 01Call to impartial reflection and recognition of the warner
- 02Muhammad's claim of no earthly wage and divine truth
- 03Denial, judgment, and the gulf between believers and unbelievers
- 01God’s power, mercy, and the angels
- 02Human dependence, warning, and signs in creation
- 03The Book, the righteous, and the fate of unbelievers
- 04God’s judgment, vicegerency, and the false gods
- 01The weighing on that day
- 01Adam and Eve’s temptation and expulsion from Paradise
- 02Raiment, piety, and Satan’s deception
- 03Right worship, modest conduct, and God’s provisions
- 04Warnings against false worship and forbidden deeds
- 05The appointed time of nations and the coming apostles
- 06Judgment, Hell, and the reward of Paradise
- 01Al Araf and the two destinies
- 02The revealed Book and its interpretation
- 03God's sovereignty and signs in creation
- 04Noah's call to his people
- 01Houd sent to Ad
- 02Saleh sent to Themoud
- 01The destruction of Themoud and Saleh's farewell
- 02Lot and the punishment of his people
- 03Shoaib sent to Madian
- 04Earthquake, warning, and divine testing
- 01Warnings to the cities and the fate of unbelievers
- 02Moses before Pharaoh and the contest with the enchanters
- 03Pharaoh's plagues, the drowning, and Israel's deliverance
- 04The golden calf and Moses' return
- 05The tablets, the seventy men, and the covenant with Israel
- 01The Sabbath-breakers at the sea
- 02Warnings, punishment, and the covenant with Israel
- 03The man who received signs and followed lust
- 01The heedless and the divine names
- 02Muhammad as plain warner and the Hour
- 03Creation, gratitude, and idolatry
- 01Idols, divine guidance, and remembrance of God
- 02The Koran as clear proof and mercy
- 03Listening to the Koran and silent devotion
- 04Al Araf and the people of Paradise and Hell
- 05Notes on the surrounding verses
- 01God's signs, false gods, and the Qur'an's truth
- 02Kindness to parents and the fate of believers and unbelievers
- 03The warning to the people of Ad in Al-Ahkaf
- 04The djinn who heard the Qur'an
- 05Resurrection and patient endurance
- 01God's signs, creation, and the rejection of revelation
- 02Warnings against idolatry and denial of resurrection
- 03Signs in nature, divine mercy, and the fate of unbelievers
- 04God's hidden knowledge, judgment, and final warning
- 01Abraham's challenge to idolatry and celestial signs
- 02God's guidance through the prophets
- 03Revelation, death, and signs in creation
- 01Exclusive devotion and rejection of idolatry
- 02Lawful food and forbidden slaughter
- 03False ordinances about cattle and offerings
- 01God's decisive proof and forbidden animals
- 02Moral injunctions and the straight path
- 03Moses, the Book, and the clear exposition
- 04Faith at the signs and sectarian division
- 05Abraham's creed and total submission to God
- 01God as the only Lord and final judge
- 02Abraham's rejection of idolatry and star-worship
- 01God's signs in creation and human accountability
- 02Lightning, thunder, and the futility of idolatrous prayer
- 03Truth and falsehood, reward and punishment
- 04Faith, covenant-keeping, and the promised Paradise
- 05Revelation in Arabic and the mission of earlier apostles
- 01God's abrogation, doom, and witness
- 02The Book as guidance to the God-fearing
- 01The faithful and the hypocrites
- 02The challenge of the Qur'an and the promise of reward
- 03Parables of unbelief and divine guidance
- 04Creation of Adam and the fall from the Garden
- 01Covenant, prayer, and remembrance of deliverance
- 02The cow and the slain man
- 03Hard hearts, hidden scripture, and the broken covenant
- 01Rejection of revelation and the covenant with Israel
- 02Abraham, the Holy House, and the religion of Abraham
- 03The change of the kebla to the sacred Mosque
- 01Turning toward the sacred Mosque
- 02Patience, pilgrimage, and divine signs
- 03Idolatry, lawful food, and hidden scripture
- 04True piety and retaliation for bloodshed
- 01Retaliation and testamentary bequests
- 02Fasting in Ramadan and night observance
- 03Pilgrimage rites and sacred months
- 04Charity, warfare, and sacred-month fighting
- 05Moral examples, faith, and almsgiving
- 01Orphans, marriage restrictions, and purity laws
- 02Divorce, waiting periods, and remarriage rules
- 03Child maintenance, widowhood, and fair provision
- 01Saul chosen king and the test by the river
- 02David and Goliath
- 03Ranks of the apostles and Jesus strengthened by the Holy Spirit
- 01Charity, divine sovereignty, and no compulsion in religion
- 02Abraham and the proofs of resurrection
- 03Almsgiving rewarded without reproach
- 01Almsgiving without reproach or injury
- 02Giving the good things and concealing charity
- 03Wisdom, vows, and the poor in need
- 04Usury forbidden and alms increased
- 01Usury, debt relief, and repayment
- 02Written contracts, witnesses, and pledges
- 03Faith in God, revelation, and divine mercy
- 01The cow as a sacrificial sign
- 02Israelite disobedience and divine punishment
- 03Moses, the Holy Spirit, and prophetic claims
- 04Abrogation, prayer, alms, and the Caaba
- 01Change of the Kebla from Jerusalem to Mecca
- 01Pilgrimage regulations and sacred months
- 02Fasting and prayer observances
- 01Unbelievers and the Clear Evidence
- 02The Book, the Polytheists, and the coming of the evidence
- 01Divine unity and true religion
- 02Mutual Deceit and resurrection
- 01Warnings about family, wealth, and obedience to God
- 02God's praise and the sending of the Apostle
- 01Friday prayer and leaving the sermon
- 02The spoils belong to God and the apostle
- 01Battle of Bedr and divine aid
- 02Believers’ obedience, warning, and deliverance
- 03Meccan unbelief and the call to fight
- 01Booty distribution and the Battle of Bedr
- 02Captives, ransom, and lawful spoils
- 03Kinship rights among believers
- 01Believers and infidels: outcomes of faith and disbelief
- 02Paradise and the fire
- 03Hypocrisy, guidance, and the call to steadfastness
- 01Warnings to unbelievers and calls to generosity
- 02The Book, clear and figurative signs, and the meeting of the two hosts
- 03Islam as the true religion and the summons to surrender
- 01Mary’s dedication and Zacharias’s care
- 02John’s annunciation and Mary’s election
- 03The annunciation of Jesus and his signs
- 04Jesus, the apostles, and God’s judgment
- 05Dispute with the People of the Book
- 01Warnings to the People of the Book
- 02Faithfulness, false claims, and the prophetic covenant
- 03Islam as the true religion and the call to Abraham's faith
- 04Pilgrimage to Becca and final admonitions
- 01Fear God and hold fast to God's cord
- 02The best community and the people of the Book
- 03The righteous among the people of the Book
- 01Warnings against alliances and usury
- 02Battle of Bedr and divine aid
- 03Exhortations to steadfastness and forgiveness
- 04Lessons from earlier prophets and the call to endurance
- 05Muhammad's mortality and the setback at Uhud
- 01Lessons from the setback at Uhud
- 02Forgiveness, consultation, and trust in God
- 03The Prophet’s mission among the believers
- 01The reverse at Uhud and the martyrs
- 02Those who respond after the reverse
- 03Warnings against unbelief and concealment
- 04God's covenant, trials, and the prayer of the thoughtful
- 01Rewards for the faithful and warning against worldly prosperity
- 02Mary, Zacharias, and the family of Imran
- 03Jesus, the Christians of Nedjran, and the call to common faith
- 04Abraham, the Kaaba, and the battle of Ohod
- 01Faithful action versus empty profession
- 02Moses, Jesus, and Ahmad as apostles
- 03God's light and the victory of Islam
- 04The call to believe and strive for reward
- 01God’s sovereignty and the call to charity
- 02Believers, hypocrites, and the fleeting life of this world
- 03The Book, the balance, and iron
- 04Prophets, Jesus, and monastic life
- 01Orphans’ property and guardianship
- 02Inheritance shares and bequests
- 03Marriage, dowry, and prohibited unions
- 04Believers’ conduct and lawful gain
- 01Inheritance, marriage, and family arbitration
- 02Charity, justice, and prayer purification
- 03Scripture, unbelief, and obedience to authority
- 04Warnings to hypocrites and false judges
- 01Obedience, repentance, and divine favor
- 02Warfare, the weak, and the hypocrites
- 03Reporting, mediation, greetings, and judgment
- 04Treatment of hypocrites and hostile defectors
- 01Accidental killing, retaliation, and expiation
- 02Battle conduct and shortened prayer
- 03Judging between men and pleading for the deceitful
- 04Forgiveness, almsgiving, and obedience to the faithful path
- 05Condemnation of shirk and Satan's deception
- 01Inheritance, belief, and righteous conduct
- 02God's instruction concerning women and orphans
- 03Justice in testimony and belief
- 01Hypocrites, unbelievers, and social warning
- 02Faith in God and the apostles
- 03The people of the Book and Moses
- 01The Messiah not slain but taken up
- 02Judgment on the people of the Book
- 03Revelation through the prophets and apostles
- 04God's witness and the fate of unbelievers
- 01Jesus as apostle, Word, and Spirit of God
- 02Warning against the Trinity and pride
- 03God's mercy for believers
- 04Inheritance shares for distant kindred
- 01Divorce regulations and waiting periods
- 01Divorce, nursing, and divine ease
- 02Warnings to disbelieving cities and believers
- 03Exile of the People of the Book and the spoils of war
- 04The refugees and the helpers of Medina
- 05Hypocrisy, false alliances, and divided hearts
- 01God's warning against hypocrisy and forgetfulness
- 02Prophet's authority, kinship rules, and the covenant of the prophets
- 03The Battle of the Confederates and its aftermath
- 04Instructions to the wives of the Prophet
- 01Frequent remembrance of God and the believers' recompense
- 02Prophetic authority, the seal of the prophets, and the Prophet's household rulings
- 03The Prophet as witness, herald, and light-giving torch
- 04Marriage and divorce rulings for believers and the Prophet
- 01Prophet’s marital privileges and household etiquette
- 02Veiling and protection of believing women
- 03Threats against hypocrites and the Hour
- 01Warning against hypocrisy and disobedience
- 02Moses vindicated and believers urged to speak rightly
- 03The trust of faith and divine judgment
- 01The hypocrites’ false witness and concealed unbelief
- 02Their outward appearance and refusal of forgiveness
- 03Warnings against the hypocrites of Medina
- 04Believers warned against wealth and children
- 01Punishment for adultery and false accusation
- 02Laws of mutual accusation between spouses
- 03The slander of Aisha and warning against calumny
- 04Social conduct: forgiveness, privacy, and modesty
- 01Modesty, veiling, and permitted relations
- 02Marriage, continence, and manumission
- 03The parable of God's light
- 04Praise of God in creation
- 01Signs in creation and divine power
- 02Obedience to God and the Apostle
- 03Promise of succession and security
- 04Privacy rules for households
- 05Etiquette in homes and assemblies
- 01Divorce by zihar and expiation
- 02Secret counsel, etiquette, and almsgiving before private conference
- 03Alliance with God’s enemies and the party of God
- 01Signs of the Last Hour and resurrection
- 02Disputers about God and wavering believers
- 01God's judgment of believers and unbelievers
- 02The Holy Mosque and Abraham's House
- 03The pilgrimage rites and sacrificial cattle
- 01Sanction for those who have been wronged
- 01Open warning and the fate of believers and deniers
- 02Satan’s suggestions and the truth of revelation
- 03Judgment, provision, and God’s signs in creation
- 01God's judgment and the futility of false worship
- 02God's messengers, the call to worship, and Muslim duties
- 01The undoubted victory and its blessings
- 02Fealty, excuses, and future summons to battle
- 03The pledge under the tree and the promised booty
- 04The sacred Mosque, the dream fulfilled, and the believers' likeness
- 01Muhammad's oath and the wives' secret
- 02Warnings, examples, and exhortations to believers
- 01Alliance with unbelievers and Abraham's example
- 02Kindness toward non-hostile nonbelievers
- 03Testing refugee women and marriage settlements
- 04Pledge of believing women
- 01Divine help and victory at Mecca
- 01Adab toward the Prophet and verifying reports
- 02Reconciliation among believers and social conduct
- 03Human equality and piety before God
- 01Claims of faith and true believers
- 02Immunity and the treaty with polytheists
- 03The call to fight and the duty of allegiance
- 04Hypocrites, excuses, and almsgiving complaints
- 01Alms, hypocrisy, and the fate of the hypocrites
- 02Excuses, exemptions, and desert Arabs
- 03Repentance, alms, and the faithful community
- 01The false mosque and the mosque founded in piety
- 02God's purchase of the faithful and their duties
- 03Limits on praying for idolaters and God's guidance
- 04God's turning to the Prophet, refugees, and helpers
- 01Repentance of the three left behind
- 02Believers must fear God and be sincere
- 03Merits of striving and almsgiving
- 04Sending out only part of the faithful
- 05Warning the unbelievers and strengthening faith
- 06The Prophet’s compassion and trust in God
- 01Notes on the expedition to Tabouk
- 01Explanatory notes on the closing verses
- 01Permitted foods and pilgrimage restrictions
- 02Lawful foods, marriage, and purification for prayer
- 03Covenants, justice, and divine warnings
- 01Apostle sent to People of the Scriptures
- 02Moses, the holy land, and the wandering of Israel
- 03The sons of Adam and the first murder
- 01Sanctity of life and punishment for violence
- 02Judging by the Torah and Gospel
- 03The Quran as confirmatory guidance
- 04Warning against taking Jews and Christians as friends
- 01Warning against apostasy and loyalty to believers
- 02People of the Book, false friendship, and divine judgment
- 03Proclaiming the revelation and the covenant with Israel
- 04Claims about Jesus and the Christian response
- 01Lawful food and expiation of oaths
- 02Wine, games of chance, and idolatrous practices
- 03Trial by hunting and pilgrimage restrictions
- 01The Caaba, sacred month, and divine knowledge
- 02Warnings against needless questions and false customs
- 03Testament witnesses and oath-taking
- 04God's favour to Jesus and Mary
- 01The apostles ask for a table from heaven
- 02Jesus’ intercession and God’s warning
- 03Commentary notes on the passage
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